The Legal Verses and Jurisprudence of the Qur’an

Ayat al-Ahkam and Fiqh al-Quran

Bibliographic Information

• Author: Nikoonam, Mohammad Reza (b. 1327)
• Title: Ayat al-Ahkam wa Fiqh al-Quran / Mohammad Reza Nikoonam
• Publisher: Tehran: Sobh Farda Publications, 1393 (2014).
• Physical Description: 192 pages
• ISBN: 978-600-7347-99-7
• Cataloguing Status: FIPA
• Language: Arabic
• Previous Edition: Qom: Zohour al-Shafaq, 1429 AH (2007).
• Edition: Second Edition
• Subjects:
  • Quran — Jurisprudence and Laws
  • Shia Jurisprudential Commentaries
  • Ja’fari Fiqh — 14th Century
• Library of Congress Classification: BP99/6 N8A9 1393
• Dewey Decimal Classification: 297.174
• National Bibliography Number: 3686725

Introduction
“O Lord, indeed my people have abandoned the Quran.”

The Holy Quran is the primary source of Islamic legislation, the Furqan (the criterion that distinguishes truth from falsehood), and the exposition of everything. It reveals God’s laws and statutes and remains a timeless miracle across the ages and human development. It has continuously served as the luminous evidence and conclusive proof of divine revelation and legislation. Despite this, it remains the neglected book, especially in Islamic jurisprudence. Understanding the Quran plays a vital role in extracting Islamic laws and principles, and this book—entitled “The Modern Index of Ayat al-Ahkam”—focuses on the new compilation of verses concerning legal rulings, which are crucial for deducing legal judgments in Islamic jurisprudence, referred to as “Ayat al-Ahkam.” This collection has been compiled and organised according to a preceding structure, and I hope, God willing, to complete it in the future.

Parts

1. On Purity and Impurity
2. On Worship
3. On Seasonal Worship
4. On Economics
5. On Legal Issues
6. On Family Law
7. On Political Systems

And our final prayer is: Praise be to Allah, the Lord of all worlds.

First Section: On Purity and Impurity

Book of Purity and Impurity
This section concerns matters related to purity, whether from a jurisprudential perspective or otherwise.

1. “And give good tidings to those who believe and do righteous deeds that they will have gardens beneath which rivers flow. Whenever they are provided with a fruit therefrom, they will say: ‘This is what we were provided with before,’ and they will be given one in likeness. And they will have therein purified spouses, and they will abide therein eternally.” (Al-Baqarah 2:25)
2. “And when We made the House (Ka’bah) a place of return for the people and a place of security, and took the station of Abraham as a place of prayer, and We commanded Abraham and Ishmael: ‘Purify My House for those who perform Tawaf, and those who are staying for worship, and those who bow and prostrate.'” (Al-Baqarah 2:125)
3. “They ask you about menstruation. Say, ‘It is harm, so keep away from women during menstruation, and do not approach them until they are pure. And when they have purified themselves, then come to them from where Allah has ordained for you. Indeed, Allah loves those who are constantly repentant and loves those who purify themselves.'” (Al-Baqarah 2:222)
4. “Say, ‘Shall I inform you of something better than that? For those who fear Allah, for them will be gardens with rivers flowing beneath them, abiding therein eternally, and purified spouses, and approval from Allah. And Allah is Seeing of the servants.'” (Aal ‘Imran 3:15)
5. “And when the angels said: ‘O Mary, indeed Allah gives you good tidings of a word from Him, whose name will be the Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary—distinguished in this world and the Hereafter, and among those brought near [to Allah].” (Aal ‘Imran 3:42)
6. “And those who believed and did righteous deeds, We will admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein forever. They will have purified spouses, and We will admit them to a shade, wide and extending.” (An-Nisa 4:57)
7. “O you who have believed, when you rise to pray, wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, and wipe over your heads and wash your feet up to the ankles. And if you are in a state of janabah (major impurity), then purify yourselves. And if you are ill or on a journey or one of you comes from the bathroom or you have touched women and you do not find any water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and hands with it. Allah does not intend to make difficulty for you, but He intends to purify you and complete His favor upon you that you may be grateful.” (Al-Ma’idah 5:6)
8. “O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone altars [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful.” (Al-Ma’idah 5:90)
9. “Whoever Allah wants to guide—He opens his chest to Islam; and whoever He wants to misguide—He makes his chest tight and constricted as though he were climbing into the sky. Thus Allah places defilement upon those who do not believe.” (Al-An’am 6:125)
10. “And it is He who sends the winds as heralds of glad tidings, and when they bring heavy clouds, We drive them to a dead land and give life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness. Such is the resurrection.” (Ar-Rum 30:48)
11. “Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered Prophet whom they find mentioned in their Torah and in their Gospel, who enjoins upon them what is right and forbids them what is wrong, who makes lawful for them the good things and prohibits for them the evil, and who releases them from their heavy burdens and the shackles which were upon them. So those who have believed in him, honored him, supported him, and followed the light which was sent down with him—it is they who will be the successful.” (Al-A’raf 7:157)
12. “When a sleep of security overcame you, and He sent down upon you from the sky rain to purify you with it and remove from you the evil of Satan, and to strengthen your hearts and plant firmly thereby your feet.” (Al-Anfal 8:11)
13. “O you who have believed, indeed the polytheists are unclean, so do not let them near the Sacred Mosque after this year. And if you fear poverty, Allah will enrich you from His bounty if He wills. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Wise.” (At-Tawbah 9:28)
14. “They will swear to you by Allah when you return to them so that you may turn away from them. So turn away from them; indeed they are defilement, and their refuge is Hell as recompense for what they were earning.” (At-Tawbah 9:95)
15. “Never stand in it. A mosque founded on piety from the first day is more worthy that you stand in it. In it are men who love to purify themselves, and Allah loves those who purify themselves.” (At-Tawbah 9:108)

Second Section: On Worship (Prayer)

Book of Prayer

1. “And We said, ‘O Adam, dwell, you and your wife, in Paradise and eat from wherever you will, but do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers.'” (Al-Baqarah 2:35)
2. “And when We said, ‘Enter this village and eat from it wherever you wish in ease and abundance, and enter the gate bowing humbly and say, ‘Relieve us of our burdens,’ We will forgive you your sins and increase the doers of good in goodness.” (Al-Baqarah 2:58)
3. “And who is more unjust than one who prevents the name of Allah from being mentioned in His mosques and strives to ruin them? It is not for them to enter them except in fear. For them in this world is disgrace, and for them in the Hereafter is a great punishment.” (Al-Baqarah 2:114)
4. “The foolish among the people will say, ‘What has turned them away from their qibla, which they used to face?’ Say, ‘To Allah belongs the east and the west. He guides whom He wills to a straight path.'” (Al-Baqarah 2:142)
5. Al-Baqarah / 35
6. Al-Baqarah / 58
7. Al-Baqarah / 114
8. Al-Baqarah / 142

(21)

52 “O you who have believed, seek help through patience and prayer. Indeed, Allah is with the patient.” (1)

53 “For a limited number of days. So whoever among you is ill or on a journey, then an equal number of other days. And upon those who are able to fast, they must either provide food for a poor person, and whoever volunteers a good deed, it is better for him. And that you fast is better for you, if you only knew.” (2)

54 “And divorced women remain in waiting for three menstrual cycles. And it is not lawful for them to conceal what Allah has created in their wombs if they believe in Allah and the Last Day. And their husbands have the greater right to take them back during that time if they intend reconciliation. And women have rights similar to those against them in a just manner. And men are a degree above them. And Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.” (3)

55 “Then the angels called him while he was standing in prayer in the chamber: ‘Indeed, Allah gives you good tidings of Yahya, confirming the word of Allah, a master, chaste, and a prophet from among the righteous.'” (4)

56 “O Maryam, be devoutly obedient to your Lord and prostrate and bow with those who bow in prayer.” (5)

57 “Not all of them are the same. Among the People of the Scripture is a community standing (in prayer), reciting the verses of Allah during the night, and they prostrate.” (6)

58 “Here you are, loving them, but they do not love you. And you believe in the entire Scripture. When they meet you, they say, ‘We believe,’ but when they are alone, they bite their fingertips at you in rage. Say, ‘Die in your rage. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of that within the breasts.'” (7)

1. Al-Baqarah / 153
2. Al-Baqarah / 184
3. Al-Baqarah / 228
4. Aal-Imran / 39
5. Aal-Imran / 43
6. Aal-Imran / 113
7. Aal-Imran / 119

(22)

59 “O you who have believed, do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated until you know what you are saying, nor when you are in a state of janabah (impurity) unless you are travelling, until you have washed your whole body. And if you are ill or on a journey, or one of you comes from the bathroom, or you have had contact with women and you do not find water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and hands. Indeed, Allah is Ever Pardoning, Most Forgiving.” (1)

60 “Have you not seen those who were told, ‘Restrain your hands (from fighting) and establish the prayer and give the zakah,’ but when the fighting was prescribed for them, a group of them feared the people as much as or more than they feared Allah? They said, ‘Our Lord, why have You prescribed fighting for us? If only You had delayed us for a short time.’ Say, ‘The enjoyment of this world is brief, but the Hereafter is better for those who fear Allah, and you will not be wronged in the least.'” (2)

61 “Do they not reflect upon the Qur’an? Had it been from other than Allah, they would have found within it much contradiction.” (3)

62 “Some of them intend to deceive you, but if they do not separate themselves from you and offer you peace and cease their hostility, then take them and kill them wherever you find them, and we have given you clear authority over them.” (4)

1. An-Nisa / 43
2. An-Nisa / 77
3. An-Nisa / 82
4. An-Nisa / 91

(23)

63 “And when you (O Prophet) are among them, and lead them in prayer, let a group of them stand with you, taking their arms. And when they have prostrated, let them be in the rear, and let another group pray with you, and let them take their precaution and their arms. Those who disbelieve wish that you would neglect your weapons and your belongings, so they could attack you in a single rush. But there is no blame upon you if you are harmed by rain or illness, and you lay down your weapons. And take precaution. Indeed, Allah has prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating punishment.” (1)

64 “And when you have finished the prayer, remember Allah standing, sitting, and lying on your sides. But when you are secure, establish the prayer. Indeed, the prayer has been decreed upon the believers a decree of specified times.” (2)

65 “Indeed, the hypocrites seek to deceive Allah, but He is deceiving them. And when they stand to pray, they stand with laziness, showing off to the people, and they do not remember Allah except a little.” (3)

66 “O you who have believed, when you rise to pray, wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, and wipe your heads and wash your feet up to the ankles. And if you are in a state of janabah, then purify yourselves. But if you are ill or on a journey or one of you comes from the bathroom or you have had contact with women and you do not find water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and hands. Allah does not intend to make difficulty for you, but He intends to purify you and complete His favor upon you that you may be grateful.” (4)

67 “Indeed, your ally is none but Allah and His Messenger and those who have believed – those who establish the prayer and give zakah, and they bow (in worship).” (5)

1. An-Nisa / 102
2. An-Nisa / 103
3. An-Nisa / 142
4. Al-Ma’idah / 6
5. Al-Ma’idah / 55

(24)

68 “And Allah took the covenant from the Children of Israel, and We appointed twelve leaders among them. And Allah said, ‘Indeed, I am with you. If you establish the prayer, give zakah, believe in My messengers, honor them, and loan Allah a goodly loan, I will surely remove from you your misdeeds and admit you into gardens beneath which rivers flow. But whoever among you denies after that, indeed he has strayed from the soundness of the way.'” (1)

69 “And when you call to prayer, they take it in mockery and amusement. That is because they are a people who do not understand.” (2)

70 “This is a blessed Book which We have revealed, confirming what was before it, that you may warn the Mother of Cities and those around it. And those who believe in the Hereafter believe in it, and they are constant in their prayers.” (3)

71 “And We created you, then We shaped you, then We said to the angels, ‘Prostrate to Adam,’ and they prostrated except for Iblis. He was not of those who prostrated.” (4)

72 “Say, ‘My Lord has commanded justice and that you maintain yourselves (in worship) of Him at every place or time of prostration, and invoke Him, sincere to Him in religion, as He began you, so will you return.'” (5)

73 “Some He has guided, and some of them have been destined for error. They have taken the devils as allies instead of Allah, and they think that they are guided.” (6)

74 “And Musa said, ‘O Pharaoh, I am a messenger from the Lord of the worlds.'” (7)

75 “And when the Qur’an is recited, listen to it and pay attention that you may receive mercy.” (8)

1. Al-Ma’idah / 12
2. Al-Ma’idah / 58
3. Al-An’am / 92
4. Al-A’raf / 11
5. Al-A’raf / 29
6. Al-A’raf / 30
7. Al-A’raf / 104
8. Al-A’raf / 204

(25)

76 “So if they repent, establish the prayer, and give zakah, they are your brothers in religion. And We detail the verses for a people who know.” (1)

77 “It is not for the polytheists to maintain the mosques of Allah while witnessing against themselves with disbelief. Those, their deeds have become worthless, and in the Fire they will abide eternally.” (2)

78 “And what prevents their acceptance of their contributions is that they disbelieve in Allah and in His Messenger, and they do not come to prayer except while lazy, and they do not give except while they are unwilling.” (3)

79 “So He replaced in their hearts hypocrisy until the Day they will meet Him, because they broke their promise to Allah and because they used to lie.” (4)

80 “And do not pray for any of them who dies, nor stand at his grave. Indeed

81 “And let not their wealth and their children amaze you. Indeed, Allah intends to punish them with it in this world, so that their souls will depart while they are disbelievers.” (6)

82 “And when a surah is revealed, some of them look at each other, saying, ‘Does anyone see you?’ Then they turn away. Allah has turned their hearts because they are a people who do not understand.” (7)

83 “And indeed, We have sent before you (O Muhammad) messengers to their people, and they came to them with clear proofs, and with the scriptures, and with the Book of Enlightenment.” (8)

84 “And those who disbelieved and denied Our signs, it is they who will be the companions of the Fire.” (9)

85 “Indeed, Allah has bought from the believers their lives and their wealth, and in return, they will have Paradise. They fight in the cause of Allah, so they kill and are killed. It is a promise binding upon Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur’an. And who is truer to his covenant than Allah? So rejoice in your transaction which you have contracted. And it is that which is the great success.” (10)

86 “Indeed, the hypocrites are in the lowest portion of the Hellfire, and never will you find for them a helper.” (11)

87 “Except those who repent, correct themselves, hold fast to Allah, and are sincere in their religion for Allah. For those will be with the believers, and Allah will grant the believers a great reward.” (12)

88 “Why should Allah punish you if you are grateful and believe? And ever is Allah Appreciative and Knowing.” (13)

89 “No harm will come to you if you look to them with kindness or conceal your thoughts, for Allah is full of knowledge of what is in your hearts.” (14)

90 “Say, ‘O Allah, Owner of the Kingdom, You give the kingdom to whom You will and You take the kingdom from whom You will. You exalt whom You will and You abase whom You will. In Your hand is the good. Indeed, You are over all things competent.'” (15)

Verse References:

1. Al-Ma’arij, 23.
2. Al-Ma’arij, 34.
3. At-Tur, 48.
4. An-Najm, 62.
5. Al-Qamar, 17.
6. Ar-Rahman, 6.
7. Al-Hashr, 20.
8. Al-Jumu’a, 9.
9. Al-Jumu’a, 10.

Excerpt 1:
“With Allah is better than play and trade, and Allah is the best of providers.” (1)

Excerpt 2:
“Have you not seen that to Allah prostrates whoever is in the heavens and on the earth, the sun, the moon, the stars, the mountains, the trees, the animals, and many among mankind, and many for whom the punishment is due. And whoever Allah humiliates, there is none to honour him. Verily, He does whatever He wills.” (2)

Excerpt 3:
“Stand in the night except for a little.” (3)

Excerpt 4:
“Indeed, the rising of the night is stronger and more conducive to a clear speech.” (4)

Excerpt 5:
“Indeed, your Lord knows that you stand in prayer nearly two-thirds of the night, or half of it, or a third of it, and a group of those with you. And Allah determines the night and the day. He knows that you cannot enumerate it, so He has turned to you in mercy. So recite what is easy from the Qur’an. He knows that some of you will be ill, and others will travel through the land seeking of Allah’s bounty, and others will fight in the cause of Allah. So recite what is easy from it. And establish the prayer and give the zakat, and loan to Allah a good loan. Whatever good you advance for yourselves, you will find it with Allah, it is better and greater in reward. And ask forgiveness of Allah. Verily, Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (5)

Excerpt 6:
“Arise and warn.” (6)

Excerpt 7:
“And magnify your Lord.” (7)

Excerpt 8:
“And prostrate to Him in the night, and glorify Him a long night through.” (8)

Excerpt 9:
“Indeed, upon Us is its collection and its recitation.” (9)

Further Verses:

1. Al-Jumu’a, 11
2. Al-Hajj, 18
3. Al-Muzzammil, 2
4. Al-Muzzammil, 6
5. Al-Muzzammil, 20
6. Al-Muddathir, 2
7. Al-Muddathir, 3
8. Al-Insan, 26
9. Al-Qiyama, 17

Excerpt 10:
“When We have recited it, follow its recitation.” (1)

Excerpt 11:
“He neither believed nor prayed.” (2)

Excerpt 12:
“And when it is said to them, ‘Prostrate,’ they do not prostrate.” (3)

Excerpt 13:
“And when the Qur’an is recited to them, they do not prostrate.” (4)

Excerpt 14:
“Except as Allah wills. Verily, He knows the open and what is hidden.” (5)

Excerpt 15:
“Those who are neglectful of their prayers.” (6)

Excerpt 16:
“Indeed, We have given you the abundant good. So pray to your Lord and sacrifice [to Him alone]. Indeed, your enemy is the one cut off.” (7)

Further Verses:

1. Al-Qiyama, 18
2. Al-Qiyama, 31
3. Al-Mursalat, 48
4. Al-Inshiqaq, 21
5. Al-A’la, 7
6. Al-Ma’un, 5
7. Al-Kawthar, 1-3

Section Three: Seasonal Acts of Worship

Book of Hajj

Excerpt 17:
“Indeed, those who disbelieve, whether you warn them or do not warn them, they will not believe.” (1)

Excerpt 18:
“Allah has sealed their hearts and their ears, and over their eyes is a veil. And for them is a great punishment.” (2)

Excerpt 19:
“And among the people are those who say, ‘We believe in Allah and the Last Day,’ but they are not believers.” (3)

Excerpt 20:
“They deceive Allah and those who believe, but they deceive not except themselves, and they do not perceive it.” (4)

Excerpt 21:
“And when We saved you from the people of Pharaoh, who subjected you to the worst of torment, slaughtering your sons and sparing your women. And in that was a great trial from your Lord.” (5)

Further Verses:

1. Al-Baqarah, 6
2. Al-Baqarah, 7
3. Al-Baqarah, 8
4. Al-Baqarah, 9
5. Al-Baqarah, 49

Excerpt 22:
“And who is more unjust than one who prevents the remembrance of Allah’s name in His mosques and strives to ruin them? Such people have no right to enter them except in fear. For them is disgrace in this world, and for them in the Hereafter is a great punishment.” (1)

Excerpt 23:
“And when We made the House a place of return for the people and a place of safety, and take the station of Abraham as a place of prayer, and We commanded Abraham and Ishmael, ‘Purify My House for those who perform Tawaf and those who are in I’tikaf and those who bow and prostrate.'” (2)

Excerpt 24:
“We see you turning your face towards the heaven, so We will surely turn you to a qibla that you will be pleased with. So turn your face towards the Masjid al-Haram. And wherever you may be, turn your faces towards it. Indeed, those who have been given the Scripture know that it is the truth from their Lord, and Allah is not unaware of what they do.” (3)

Further Verses:

1. Al-Baqarah, 114
2. Al-Baqarah, 125
3. Al-Baqarah, 144
4. Al-Baqarah, 145
5. Al-Baqarah, 150
6. Al-Baqarah, 152
7. Al-Baqarah, 153
8. Al-Baqarah, 156
9. Al-Baqarah, 157
10. Al-Baqarah, 158

Excerpt 25:
“And We made the Ka’bah, the sacred house, a place of return for mankind and a place of security. And take the station of Abraham as a place of prayer. And We enjoined Abraham and Ishmael, saying, ‘Purify My House for those who perform Tawaf, and those who are in I’tikaf, and those who bow and prostrate.'” (1)

Excerpt 26:
“And when you are met with a greeting, greet with something better than it or return it. Indeed, Allah is over all things, competent.” (2)

Excerpt 27:
“Say, ‘Call upon Allah or call upon the Most Merciful. Whatever [name] you call – to Him belong the best names.'” (3)

Excerpt 28:
“Indeed, Allah commands you to uphold justice and the doing of good, and generosity to kith and kin. He forbids indecency, injustice, and transgression. He instructs you so that you may take heed.” (4)

Further Verses:

1. Al-A’raf, 34
2. Al-A’raf, 35
3. Al-A’raf, 36
4. Al-A’raf, 37
5. Al-A’raf, 39

Excerpt 29:
“Indeed, the believers are those who, when Allah is mentioned, their hearts tremble. And when His verses are recited to them, it increases them in faith; and upon their Lord they rely.” (1)

Excerpt 30:
“And those who establish prayer and give zakat and they believe in the Hereafter.” (2)

Excerpt 31:
“Indeed, We have sent you with the truth as a bearer of good news and a warner. And there is no nation to which a warner has not come.” (3)

Excerpt 32:
“And We have certainly sent to every nation a messenger, saying, ‘Worship Allah and avoid taghut.’ And among them were those whom Allah guided, and among them were those upon whom error was decreed. So travel through the land and see how was the end of those who denied.” (4)

Further Verses:

1. Al-Baqarah, 155
2. Al-Baqarah, 156
3. Al-Baqarah, 157
4. Al-Baqarah, 158
5. Al-Baqarah, 159

Excerpt 33:
“And when your Lord said to the angels, ‘Indeed, I will create a human being from clay from molded mud.'” (1)

Excerpt 34:
“When I have proportioned him and breathed into him of My spirit, then fall down to him in prostration.” (2)

Excerpt 35:
“So the angels prostrated – all of them entirely.” (3)

Further Verses:

1. Al-A’raf, 49
2. Al-A’raf, 50
3. Al-A’raf, 51
4. Al-A’raf, 52
5. Al-A’raf, 53

Excerpt 36:
“Indeed, the reward of those who oppose the law of Allah is severe, as they have broken His covenant. Verily, the disbelievers are the worst of creation.” (1)

Excerpt 37:
“Indeed, those who have believed and done righteous deeds, they are the best of creation.” (2)

Further Verses:

1. At-Tawbah, 7
2. At-Tawbah, 8
3. At-Tawbah, 9
4. At-Tawbah, 10
5. At-Tawbah, 11

Excerpt 38:
“Say, ‘O Allah, Owner of the kingdom, You give the kingdom to whom You will and You take the kingdom from whom You will. You exalt whom You will and You abase whom You will. In Your hand is the good. Indeed, You are over all things competent.'” (1)

Further Verses:

1. Al-Ahzab, 56
2. Al-Mulk, 15
3. Al-Mulk, 16
4. Al-Mulk, 17
5. Al-Mulk, 18

Excerpt 39:
“Indeed, Allah and His angels send blessings upon the Prophet. O you who have believed, ask [Allah to confer] blessing upon him and ask [Allah to grant him] peace.” (1)

Excerpt 40:
“Indeed, the believers are those who believe in Allah and His Messenger and, when they are with him on a matter requiring collective action, do not turn away until they have been given permission.” (2)

Conclusion:

The importance of worship and devotion to Allah is central in the Qur’an, and these verses highlight the necessary engagement of believers in their duties to Allah, including prayer, prostration, and reverence for His laws. The duties of believers to observe justice, charity, and faith, as well as their submission to divine will, are firmly established.

The concept of Hajj as both a spiritual and physical journey to the sacred house of Allah is underscored, as well as the importance of following the example of the Prophets, particularly that of Abraham and his sons. Through prayer, purification of the heart, and adherence to the Qur’anic teachings, believers are guided on the path of righteousness, with a reminder of the consequences of ignoring or distorting these divine instructions.

1. Al-Baqara / 16
2. Al-Baqara / 29
3. Al-Baqara / 41
4. Al-Baqara / 54
5. Al-Baqara / 79

(51)

210 “And when We took the covenant from the Children of Israel: ‘Do not worship except Allah; and to parents, do good; and to relatives, orphans, and the needy, and speak to people kindly, and establish prayer and give zakah.’ Then you turned away, except a few of you, and you were refusing.” (1)

211 “And they followed what the devils had recited during the reign of Solomon. Solomon did not disbelieve, but the devils disbelieved. They taught people magic and what was revealed to the two angels in Babylon, Harut and Marut. But neither of them taught anyone without saying: ‘We are only a trial, so do not disbelieve.’ And they learned from them that by which they caused separation between a man and his wife. But they do not harm anyone with it except by the permission of Allah. And they learned what harms them and does not benefit them. And they knew that whoever purchased it would have no share in the Hereafter, and wretched is that for which they sold themselves if they knew.” (2)

212 “Indeed, those who conceal what Allah has revealed of the Book and exchange it for a small price, those consume not into their bellies except fire. And Allah will not speak to them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He purify them, and for them is a painful punishment.” (3)

213 “Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the East or the West, but righteousness is in one who believes in Allah, the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets, and gives his wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler, those who ask [for help], and for freeing slaves; who establishes prayer and gives zakah; who fulfills their promises when they promise; and who are patient in poverty and hardship and during battle. Those are the ones who have been true, and it is those who are the righteous.” (1)

214 “O you who have believed, prescribed for you is legal retribution for those murdered: the free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the female for the female. But whoever pardons his brother, then there should be a pursuit according to what is reasonable and payment to him in good conduct. That is an alleviation and a mercy from your Lord. But whoever transgresses after that will have a painful punishment.” (2)

215 “There is no blame upon you for seeking bounty from your Lord. But when you depart from Arafat, remember Allah at the Mash’ar al-Haram. And remember Him as He has guided you, and indeed, you were before that among those astray.” (3)

216 “O you who have believed, enter into Islam completely and do not follow the footsteps of Satan. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy.” (4)

217 “Do they await except that Allah should come to them in covers of clouds and the angels, and the matter is decided? And to Allah all matters are returned.” (5)

218 “O you who have believed, spend from what We have provided for you before a Day comes when there will be no exchange [of wealth], nor any friendship, nor intercession. And the disbelievers—they are the wrongdoers.” (6)

219 “The example of those who spend their wealth seeking the pleasure of Allah and to strengthen themselves is like that of a garden on a high ground which is struck by a downpour, and it yields its fruit double. But if it is not struck by a downpour, then a drizzle [suffices], and Allah is All-Seer of what you do.” (7)

1. Al-Baqara / 177
2. Al-Baqara / 178
3. Al-Baqara / 198
4. Al-Baqara / 208
5. Al-Baqara / 210
6. Al-Baqara / 254

(53)

220 “Those who consume usury will not stand except as stand those who are driven to madness by Satan’s touch. That is because they say, ‘Trade is just like usury.’ But Allah has permitted trade and has forbidden usury. So whoever has received an admonition from his Lord and ceases, may have what is past, and his affair is with Allah. But whoever returns to [dealing in] usury—those are the companions of the Fire; they will abide eternally therein.” (1)

221 “And if someone is in difficulty, then an extension until ease. And that you give in charity is better for you, if you only knew.” (2)

222 “O you who have believed, when you contract a debt for a specified term, write it down. And let a scribe write it between you in justice. Let no scribe refuse to write as Allah has taught him. So let him write, and let the one who has the obligation dictate. And let him fear Allah, his Lord, and not leave anything out of it. If the one who has the obligation is of limited understanding or weak or unable to dictate, then let his guardian dictate in justice. And bring to witness two witnesses from among you. And if two men are not [available], then a man and two women, from those whom you accept as witnesses, so that if one of the women errs, the other can remind her. And let not the witnesses refuse when they are called upon. And do not be weary to write it, whether it be small or large, for its term. That is more just with Allah and stronger as evidence and more likely to prevent doubt between you, except when it is an immediate transaction which you conduct among yourselves. Then there is no blame upon you if you do not write it. And take witnesses when you conclude a contract. And let no harm be done to the scribe or to the witness. And if you do so, indeed, it is a transgression against you. And fear Allah, and Allah teaches you. And Allah is knowing of all things.” (3)

223 “And if you are on a journey and cannot find a scribe, then a pledge taken in hand. And if one of you entrusts another, then let the one who is trusted fulfill his trust and fear Allah, his Lord. And do not conceal testimony. Whoever conceals it—his heart is sinful, and Allah is Knowing of what you do.” (1)

224 “And among the People of the Scripture are those if you entrust them with a great amount, they will return it to you. But among them are those if you entrust them with a single dinar, they will not return it to you unless you are constantly standing over them. That is because they say, ‘There is no blame upon us concerning the unlettered.’ And they speak lies about Allah while they know.” (2)

225 “O you who have believed, do not consume usury, doubled and multiplied, and fear Allah that you may be successful.” (3)

226 “And give to the orphans their wealth and do not substitute the bad for the good, and do not consume their wealth into your own wealth. Indeed, that is ever a great sin. And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphans, then marry those that please you of [other] women, two or three or four. But if you fear that you will not be just, then only one or those your right hands possess. That is more suitable that you may not incline to injustice. And give the women their due compensation graciously. But if they give up willingly anything of it, then take it in satisfaction and ease.” (4)

265 “It is Allah who created the heavens and the earth, and sent down from the sky rain, bringing forth fruits as sustenance for you. He has subjected for you the ships to sail upon the sea by His command, and He has subjected for you the rivers.” (6)

266 “And it is He who has made the sea subservient for you, that you may eat fresh fish from it, and bring forth ornaments which you wear, and you see the ships plowing through it, that you may seek of His bounty, and that you may be grateful.” (7)

267 “And signs, and by the star they are guided.” (1)

268 “Indeed, Allah commands justice, the doing of good, and liberality to kith and kin; He forbids all shameful deeds, injustice, and rebellion; He instructs you that ye may receive admonition.” (2)

269 “And give to the near of kin his due, and to the poor, and to the wayfarer. And do not spend wastefully.” (3)

270 “And do not make your hand tied to your neck, nor stretch it forth to its utmost reach, so that you sit reproved and destitute.” (4)

271 “And give full measure when you measure, and weigh with a balance that is straight. That is the best (way) and the most suitable in the end.” (5)

272 “It is your Lord who makes the ships go smoothly for you across the sea, that you may seek of His bounty. Surely, He is ever Merciful to you.” (6)

273 “So Pharaoh turned away, and he gathered his strength, then came.” (7)

274 “He said, ‘No! Throw down your staffs and ropes!’ And they cast their staffs and ropes, and it appeared to him from their magic that they were moving.” (8)

275 “And throw what is in your right hand; it will swallow up what they have made. Indeed, what they have made is but a magician’s trick, and the magician will never succeed wherever he is.” (9)

276 “And he produced for them a calf—an image with a lowing sound. They said, ‘This is your god and the god of Moses, but he has forgotten.'” (2)

277 “He said, ‘What is your case, O Samiri?’ He replied, ‘I saw what they did not see, so I took a handful (of dust) from the trace of the messenger and threw it, and thus my soul suggested to me.’ He said, ‘Then go! And indeed, for you in this life is to say, “Do not touch!” And indeed, you have an appointment which you will never fail to meet. And look at your god to whom you have remained devoted. We will surely burn it, then we will surely scatter it into the sea.'” (3)

278 “And We will set up the scales of justice for the Day of Resurrection, so that no soul will be wronged in the least, and if there is a weight of a mustard seed, We will bring it. And sufficient are We as accountants.” (4)

279 “Indeed, the believers have succeeded.” (5)

280 “Those who are humble in their prayers.” (6)

281 “And in the ships which are constructed for you to ride upon the seas.” (7)

282 “O you who have believed, do not enter houses other than your own until you have asked permission and greeted its inhabitants. That is better for you that you may be reminded.” (8)

283 “There is no blame upon you if you enter houses that are not inhabited, in which there is utility for you. And Allah knows what you reveal and what you conceal.” (9)

284 “Let those who cannot find a marriage contract abstain from sexual relations until Allah enriches them from His bounty. And those who seek a contract (for marriage) from what your right hands possess, then write it for them, if you know them to be good people. And give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you.” (1)

285 “Men whom neither trade nor sale distracts them from the remembrance of Allah and the establishment of prayer and the giving of zakah. They fear a Day when the hearts and eyes will tremble.” (2)

286 “That is the one who honors the sanctities of Allah. It is better for him with his Lord, and permitted to you (is the consumption of) the cattle, except for that which is recited to you. So avoid the abomination of idols and avoid false speech.” (3)

287 “Do you not see that Allah has made subservient to you whatever is on the earth, and the ships that sail the sea by His command? And He holds back the sky from falling upon the earth, except by His permission. Indeed, Allah is to the people, ever Merciful.” (4)

288 “And those who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor stingy, but hold a balance between those (extremes).” (5)

289 “And whatever you give in usury, to increase within the wealth of people, will not increase with Allah. But whatever you give in zakah, desiring the face of Allah – it is these who will increase in their reward.” (6)

290 “Say, ‘Have you considered: if Allah made the day perpetual over you until the Day of Resurrection, who is there other than Allah who could bring you night to rest in? Will you not then see?'” (7)

291 “And of His mercy, He made for you the night and the day, that you may rest therein and seek from His bounty, and that you may be grateful.” (8)

(76)
“There is no fault upon you if you fast for three days during Hajj, and seven when you return. These are ten complete days. This is for those whose families are not present at the Masjid al-Haram. And fear Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment.” (2:196)

“Do they await except that Allah should come to them in shades of clouds with angels, and the matter be decided? And to Allah will all matters return.” (2:210)

“They ask you, ‘What should we spend?’ Say, ‘Whatever you spend of good is for parents, relatives, orphans, the needy, and the traveler. And whatever good you do, indeed Allah is Knowing of it.’” (2:215)

“Their prophet said to them, ‘Indeed, Allah has appointed for you Saul as a king.’ They said, ‘How can he have kingship over us while we are more deserving of kingship than him, and he has not been given any measure of wealth?’ He said, ‘Indeed, Allah has chosen him over you and has increased him abundantly in knowledge and physique. And Allah gives His kingdom to whom He wills, and Allah is Munificent, All-Knowing.’” (2:247)

“The example of those who spend their wealth in the cause of Allah is like a seed of grain that produces seven ears of corn, and in each ear, there are one hundred grains. And Allah multiplies for whom He wills. Allah is Munificent, All-Knowing.” (2:261)

“Those who spend their wealth in the cause of Allah and do not follow up their giving with reminders of their generosity or harm, for them there is reward with their Lord. They will have no fear and will not grieve. A kind word and forgiveness are better than charity followed by harm. And Allah is Self-Sufficient, Forbearing.” (2:262-263)

(77)
“O you who have believed, do not nullify your charity with reminders of your generosity or harm, like one who spends his wealth for show and does not believe in Allah and the Last Day. His example is like that of a smooth rock with a layer of soil on it; when a heavy rain falls upon it, the soil is washed away, leaving it bare. They are unable to gain anything from what they have earned, and Allah does not guide the disbelieving people.” (2:264)

“And the example of those who spend their wealth seeking the face of Allah and believing in Him and the Last Day is like that of a garden on a high ground. When heavy rain falls upon it, it produces double the yield. And if no rain falls upon it, there is a light drizzle. And Allah is All-Aware of what you do.” (2:265)

“Do not waste your charity by reminders or harm, but rather give it to those who are needy, poor, and deserving. The most worthy recipients of charity are those who are so engaged in Allah’s cause that they cannot travel far and have no other means to earn. You do not know them, but you can recognize them by their distinctive qualities. They do not beg for assistance, but they are humble. And whatever you give of your wealth, surely Allah is aware of it.” (2:273)

“Indeed, those who recite the Book of Allah and establish prayer and spend in His cause from what We have provided them, secretly and publicly, hope for a transaction that will never fail.” (35:29)

“Indeed, the believers are those who believe in Allah and His messenger and, when they are in need, they give charity to the poor and the travelers. They do so seeking the pleasure of Allah, and their reward is with their Lord, for they will have no fear and will not grieve.” (2:177)

“The parable of those who disbelieve in their Lord is that their deeds are like ashes on which the wind blows furiously on a stormy day, leaving them with nothing. They do not benefit from what they have earned, for that is the ultimate loss.” (14:18)

“O you who have believed, be conscious of Allah and speak words of uprightness. He will correct your deeds and forgive your sins, and whoever obeys Allah and His messenger has indeed attained a great success.” (33:70-71)

488 « الیوم أحلّ لکم الطیبات وطعام الذین أوتوا الكتاب حلالٌ لکم وطعامکم حلالٌ لهم، والمحصنات من المؤمنات والمحصنات من الذين أوتوا الكتاب من قبلكم إذا آتيتموهنّ أُجورهنّ مُحْصِنِينَ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَ وَلا مُتَّخِذِيٓ أَخْدَانٍ وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِالْإِيمَٰنِ فَقَدْ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنَ الْخَٰسِرِينَ» (1)

489 « وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَىٰ الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّٰهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا» (2)

490 « وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَمُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّٰهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمْرًا أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ وَمَن يَعْصِ اللَّٰهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَالًا مُبِينًا» (3)

491 « فَلا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِّمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا» (4)

492 « إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَٰبَ بِالْحَقِّ لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِمَا أَرَاكَ اللَّٰهُ وَلَا تَكُنْ لِلْخَائِنِينَ خَصِيمًا» (5)

493 « وَمَن لَّمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّٰهُ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الْكَٰفِرُونَ» (6)

494 « وَمَن لَّمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّٰهُ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الظَّٰلِمُونَ» (7)

495 « وَمَن لَّمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّٰهُ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الْفَٰسِقُونَ» (8)

 Marriage and Relationships:

• Many of the verses emphasize the importance of the relationship between spouses and the roles of husbands and wives (e.g., verses about the sanctity of marriage, treating one another with respect, and the concept of mutual support between partners).
• The verses also highlight the idea that marriage is a bond created by God, designed to bring peace and tranquility (e.g., verse 547).

 Parenthood and Children:

• Several verses address the treatment of children and the prohibition against killing them, especially out of fear of poverty (e.g., verses 493, 494, and 515). They emphasize that children are a gift and that God provides sustenance for both parents and children.

 Ethical Conduct:

• A consistent theme is the prohibition of immoral behavior, such as adultery (e.g., verse 539), and the punishment for those who commit such acts. The Quran stresses the importance of chastity, both for men and women.
• The concept of modesty is also highlighted, particularly with regards to the behavior of women (e.g., verses 534, 535, and 559).

 The Concept of Zina (Adultery and Fornication):

• The Quran provides clear laws for the punishment of adultery and fornication, which include strict guidelines and the importance of maintaining moral integrity within the community (e.g., verse 539).

 General Advice for Society:

• Many of the verses offer general moral guidance, such as the importance of honesty, not following the path of the devil, and the need for patience and forgiveness (e.g., verses 533, 535, and 553).

 Role of Women in Society:

• Some verses reflect the specific roles of women, including in marriage and in society at large (e.g., verses related to women in leadership, marriage, and family life).
• 492: “Lost are those who killed their children in ignorance, without knowledge, and prohibited what Allah had provided for them. They have fabricated lies about Allah, and they are those who have gone astray and were not rightly guided.” (1)
• 493: “Eight pairs of sheep, two of the male and two of the female goats, say: ‘Are the two males forbidden or the two females, or that which the wombs of the females carry? Inform me with knowledge if you are truthful.'” (2)
• 494: “Say, ‘Come, let me recite to you what your Lord has forbidden to you: that you not associate anything with Him, and to parents, give good treatment; and do not kill your children for fear of poverty. We provide for you and for them; and do not approach immoralities, whether apparent or concealed; and do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right. This has He instructed you, that you may use reason.'” (3)
• 495: “Say, ‘If your fathers, your sons, your brothers, your wives, your relatives, your wealth that you have acquired, your trade which you fear may decline, and your dwellings which you find pleasing are dearer to you than Allah and His Messenger and striving in His cause, then wait until Allah executes His command. And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.'” (4)
• 496: “And when they commit an immorality, they say, ‘We found our forefathers doing it, and Allah has commanded us to do it.’ Say, ‘Indeed, Allah does not command immorality. Do you say about Allah that which you do not know?'” (5)
• 497: “Say, ‘Indeed, my Lord has forbidden immorality, whether apparent or concealed, and sin, and oppression without right, and that you associate with Allah that for which He has not sent down authority, and that you say about Allah that which you do not know.'” (6)
• 560 “He created you from one soul, then made from it its mate, and sent down for you from the livestock eight pairs. He creates you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, in three layers of darkness. This is Allah, your Lord; to Him belongs the dominion. There is no deity except Him; how then are you turned away?” (1)
• 561 “The Creator of the heavens and the earth, He made for you from among yourselves mates, and from the livestock mates, He multiplies you therein. There is nothing like Him, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing.” (2)
• 562 “And those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, and when they are angry, they forgive.” (3)
• 563 “This is the one whom Allah gives glad tidings to His servants who believe and do righteous deeds. Say, ‘I do not ask you for any reward except love for my near relatives.’ And whoever earns a good deed, We will increase for them in it goodness. Indeed, Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Grateful.” (4)
• 564 “To Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth; He creates what He wills. He gives to whom He wills females, and He gives to whom He wills males, or He makes them both males and females, and He makes whom He wills barren. Indeed, He is All-Knowing, All-Powerful.” (5)
• 565 “So await. Indeed, they are waiting.” (6)
• 566 “Enter Paradise, you and your wives, delighted.” (7)
• 567 “And the One who created all pairs, and made for you from the ships and the cattle what you ride.” (8)
• 1– Az-Zumar / 6
  2– Ash-Shura / 11
  3– Ash-Shura / 37
  4– Ash-Shura / 23
  5– Ash-Shura / 49-50
  6– Ad-Dukhan / 59
  7– Az-Zukhruf / 70
  8– Az-Zukhruf / 12
• 568 “Or have they taken daughters from what He created, and chosen for you sons? And when one of them is given the good news of what they attribute to the Most Merciful, his face becomes dark, and he is filled with rage. Or [are they] those who are brought up in adornment and who are during dispute, not clear?” (1)
• 569 “Those who believed in Our signs and were Muslims.” (2)
• 570 “Our Lord, and admit them to the Gardens of Eternity which You have promised them, and whoever is righteous among their forefathers, their wives, and their offspring. Indeed, You are the Exalted in Might, the Wise.” (3)
• 571 “It is Allah who made for you the earth a resting place, and the sky a canopy, and formed you and perfected your forms, and provided you with good things. That is Allah, your Lord; so blessed is Allah, the Lord of the worlds.” (4)
• 572 “It is He who created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop, then from a clot of congealed blood, then He brings you forth as a child, then [allows you] to reach your prime, and among you is he who dies before [reaching it], and among you is he who is returned to the most decrepit age, so that he knows nothing after having known. And you see the earth barren, but when We send down upon it rain, it quivers and swells and produces every kind of beautiful growth.” (5)
• 573 “Reclining on adorned couches, and We will marry them to fair women with large, [beautiful] eyes.” (6)
• 574 “Those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, except the minor faults, indeed, your Lord is vast in forgiveness. He knows you best when He created you from the earth, and when you were embryos in the wombs of your mothers. So do not purify yourselves. He knows best who is righteous.” (7)
• 1– Az-Zukhruf / 16-18
  2– Az-Zukhruf / 69
  3– Ghafir / 8
  4– Ghafir / 64
  5– Ghafir / 67
  6– At-Tur / 20
• 560: “He created you from a single soul, then from it made its mate, and from the livestock, He created eight pairs. He creates you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, in three layers of darkness. This is Allah, your Lord. His is the dominion; there is no god but He. How then are you turned away?” (1)
  — Surah Az-Zumar, 6
• 561: “The Creator of the heavens and the earth, He made for you from yourselves spouses, and from the livestock, He made pairs to multiply you therein. There is nothing like Him, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing.” (2)
  — Surah Ash-Shura, 11
• 562: “And those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, and when they are angry, they forgive.” (3)
  — Surah Ash-Shura, 37
• 563: “That is the one to whom Allah gives glad tidings, those who have believed and done righteous deeds. Say: ‘I do not ask you for any reward except for love of kinship.’ And whoever performs a good deed, We will increase for him therein good. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving, Appreciative.” (4)
  — Surah Ash-Shura, 23
• 564: “To Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth; He creates what He wills. He gives to whom He wills females, and He gives to whom He wills males, or He makes them couples, male and female, and He makes whom He wills barren. Indeed, He is All-Knowing, All-Powerful.” (5)
  — Surah Ash-Shura, 49-50
• 565: “So wait; indeed, they are waiting.” (6)
  — Surah Ad-Dukhan, 59
• 566: “Enter Paradise, you and your wives, delighted.” (7)
  — Surah Az-Zukhruf, 70
• 567: “And He who created all pairs and made for you from the ships and the animals what you ride.” (8)
  — Surah Az-Zukhruf, 12
• 568: “Do they attribute to Him daughters, while He has chosen sons? When one of them is given the glad tidings of that which he attributes to the Most Merciful, his face becomes dark, and he is filled with rage. Or one who is brought up in ornaments and is not clear in dispute.” (1)
  — Surah An-Najm, 16-18
• 569: “Those who have believed in Our verses and have been Muslims.” (2)
  — Surah Az-Zukhruf, 69
• 570: “Our Lord, and admit them to Gardens of Eden which You have promised them, and whoever is righteous among their forefathers, their spouses, and their descendants. Indeed, You are the Exalted in Might, the Wise.” (3)
  — Surah Ghafir, 8
• 571: “It is Allah who made for you the earth a bed and the sky a canopy, and He formed you and made your forms excellent, and He provided for you from the good things. That is Allah, your Lord; so blessed is Allah, the Lord of the worlds.” (4)
  — Surah Ghafir, 64
• 572: “It is He who created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop, then from a clinging clot, then He brings you forth as a child. Then [He allows you] to reach your maturity, and among you is He who dies young, and among you is He who is returned to the most decrepit age, so that you know not, after knowledge, anything.” (5)
  — Surah Al-Mu’minun, 14
• 573: “Reclining on adorned couches, and We married them to fair women with large, beautiful eyes.” (6)
  — Surah At-Tur, 20
• 574: “Those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, except the small faults. Indeed, your Lord is vast in forgiveness. He is most knowing of you when He created you from the earth, and when you were fetuses in the wombs of your mothers. So do not claim purity for yourselves. He is most knowing of who fears Him.” (7)
  — Surah An-Nisa, 32
• 575: “And He who created the two mates, the male and the female.” (1)
  — Surah An-Najm, 32
• 576: “Have they not looked at the sky above them, how We have built it and adorned it, and it has no gaps?” (2)
  — Surah Qamar, 11
• 577: “In them are women, chaste, restraining their glances, whom no man or jinn has touched before them.” (3)
  — Surah Ar-Rahman, 56
• 578: “Allah has heard the words of the one who argues with you concerning her husband and complains to Allah. And Allah hears your dialogue; indeed, Allah is All-Hearing, All-Seeing.” (4)
  — Surah Al-Mujadila, 1
• 579: “Those who pronounce the Zihar (a pre-Islamic practice of declaring one’s wife like the back of one’s mother) from among you, their wives are not their mothers. Their mothers are none but those who gave birth to them. They indeed utter an obscene word and a lie. But indeed, Allah is Pardoning and Forgiving.” (5)
  — Surah Al-Mujadila, 2
• 580: “And those who pronounce Zihar from their wives and then return to what they said, then the freeing of a slave before they touch one another. That is what you are admonished with. And Allah is All-Aware of what you do.” (6)
  — Surah Al-Mujadila, 3
• 581: “And if anyone does not find [the means], then fasting for two consecutive months before they touch one another. And if one is unable, then feeding sixty poor people. That is so you may believe in Allah and His Messenger. And those are the limits of Allah. And for the disbelievers is a painful punishment.” (7)
  — Surah Al-Mujadila, 4
• 582: “Indeed, the private conversation is from Satan, to grieve those who have believed, but it does not harm them at all except by permission of Allah. And upon Allah let the believers rely.” (8)
  — Surah Al-Mujadila, 5
• 583: “O you who have believed, do not enter houses other than your own houses until you have asked permission and greeted their inhabitants. That is better for you, that you may be mindful.” (1)
  — Surah An-Nur, 27
• 584: “And if you find no one therein, then do not enter until permission has been given to you. And if you are told to go back, then go back. That is purer for you. And Allah is Knowing of what you do.” (2)
  — Surah An-Nur, 28
• 585: “And if they ask you for something, give it to them if it is in your power.” (3)
  — Surah An-Nur, 61
• 586: “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and guard their private parts and not to display their adornment except that which [ordinarily] appears thereof and to wrap a portion of their headcovers over their chests and not to display their adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands’ fathers, their sons, their husbands’ sons, their brothers, their brothers’ sons, their sisters’ sons, their women, that which their right hands possess, or those male servants who have no physical desire, or the small children who are not yet aware of the private aspects of women.” (4)
  — Surah An-Nur, 31
• 587: “And those who believe are stronger in love for Allah.” (5)
  — Surah Al-Baqarah, 165
• 588: “And those who believe and do righteous deeds are the best of creatures.” (6)
  — Surah Al-Bayyinah, 7
• 589: “And if you divorce them before you have touched them and you have specified for them an obligation, then [there is] half of what you specified, unless they forgive, or a man of the family forgives.” (7)
  — Surah Al-Baqarah, 237
• 590: “And there is no sin upon you if you divorce women whom you have not yet touched or specified for them an obligation. But provide for them, and the rich according to his means, and the poor according to his means—a provision according to what is acceptable—a duty upon the righteous.” (8)
  — Surah Al-Baqarah, 236
• 591: “Do not take your oaths as a means of deceit between you, lest a foot slip after it was firm, and you taste the evil of [your] way for having turned people away from the path of Allah. And you will have a great punishment.” (1)
  — Surah An-Nur, 58
• 592: “And when you are greeted with a greeting, greet with a better greeting or return it. Indeed, Allah is over all things, the Most High.” (2)
  — Surah An-Nisa, 86
• 593: “Say: ‘Call upon Allah or call upon the Most Merciful. Whatever [name] you call—for to Him belong the best names.'” (3)
  — Surah Al-Isra, 110
• 594: “And hold firmly to the rope of Allah all together and do not become divided.” (4)
  — Surah Al-Imran, 103
• 595: “And lower to them the wing of humility out of mercy and say, ‘My Lord, have mercy upon them as they brought me up [when I was] small.'” (5)
  — Surah Al-Isra, 24
• 596: “O you who have believed, avoid much of suspicion. Indeed, some suspicion is sin. And do not spy or backbite each other. Would one of you like to eat the flesh of his brother when dead? You would detest it.” (6)
  — Surah Al-Hujurat, 12
• 597: “Indeed, Allah loves those who fight in His cause in a row as though they are a firm and compact wall.” (7)
  — Surah As-Saff, 4
• 598: “Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice.” (8)
  — Surah An-Nisa, 58
• 599: “And if two parties among the believers fall into fighting, then make peace between them.” (1)
  — Surah Al-Hujurat, 9
• 600: “And if you are greeted with a greeting, then greet with a better greeting or return it. Indeed, Allah is ever, over all things, an Observer.” (2)
  — Surah An-Nisa, 86
• 601: “And if a wife fears from her husband arrogance or neglect, there is no blame upon them if they make terms of peace between them.” (3)
  — Surah An-Nisa, 128
• 602: “And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right. And whoever is killed unjustly—we have given his heir authority. But let him not exceed limits in [the matter of] killing. Indeed, he has been supported by Allah.” (4)
  — Surah Al-Isra, 33
• 603: “Say: ‘My Lord, if You should show me that which they are promised. My Lord, then do not place me among the wrongdoers.'” (5)
  — Surah Al-Mu’minun, 94
• 604: “Indeed, the believers are but brothers, so make peace between your brothers. And fear Allah that you may receive mercy.” (6)
  — Surah Al-Hujurat, 10

1. At-Tawbah / 83.
2. At-Tawbah / 84.
3. At-Tawbah / 86.
4. At-Tawbah / 88.

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“The believers, who are firm in their faith and prepared for battle, will not only swear they desire the best, but Allah witnesses that they are indeed lying.” (1).

679 “And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right. And if anyone is killed unjustly, We have given their heir the authority; but let him not exceed limits in killing, for indeed, he has been supported by Allah.” (2).

680 “Then let them complete their rites and fulfill their vows, and perform the Tawaf around the Ancient House.” (3).

681 “And fight in the cause of Allah, as is His due; He has chosen you and placed no difficulty upon you in religion. The way of your father Ibrahim has been made clear to you. He named you Muslims both before and in this [Quran], so that the Messenger may be a witness over you, and you may be witnesses over mankind. Therefore, establish prayer, give Zakat, and hold firmly to Allah. He is your Protector; excellent is the Protector and excellent is the Helper.” (4).

682 “He is the One who merges the two seas—this is fresh and sweet, and that is salty and bitter. And He placed between them a barrier and an impassable obstruction.” (5).

683 “Say: ‘Fleeing will not benefit you if you flee from death or killing, and you will enjoy only a little.’” (6).

1. At-Tawbah / 107.
2. Al-Isra / 33.
3. Al-Hajj / 29.
4. Al-Hajj / 78.
5. Al-Furqan / 53.

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684 “And Allah returned those who disbelieved with their rage; they did not obtain any good. And Allah sufficed the believers in battle, and Allah is All-Strong, All-Mighty.” (1).

685 “Cursed are they; wherever they are found, they shall be captured and killed with a fierce killing.” (2).

686 “So when you meet those who disbelieve, strike at their necks; and when you have inflicted slaughter upon them, tie the remaining captives tightly. Either grant them a favor afterwards or ransom them until the war lays down its burdens. And if Allah had willed, He would have exacted vengeance upon them, but [He decreed] that He may test some of you by means of others. And those who are killed in the way of Allah—never will He allow their deeds to be lost.” (3).

687 “And those who believed say, ‘Why has not a surah been sent down?’ But when a surah, clear and decisive, is revealed and therein is mentioned fighting, you see those in whose hearts is disease looking at you as one who is fainting due to death. Woe to them!” (4).

688 “And We will surely test you until We know those among you who strive and those who are patient, and We will test your affairs.” (5).

689 “Say to the Bedouins who lagged behind: ‘You will be called to fight a people of great might. You will fight them, or they will submit. If you obey, Allah will grant you a good reward. But if you turn away as you turned away before, He will punish you with a painful punishment.’” (6).

690 “And if those who disbelieve fought you, they would turn their backs and flee, and then they would find neither protector nor helper.” (1).

1. Al-Ahzab / 16.
2. Al-Ahzab / 25.
3. Al-Ahzab / 61.
4. Muhammad / 4.
5. Muhammad / 20.
6. Muhammad / 31.
7. Al-Fath / 16.

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691 “And if two parties among the believers fight, then make peace between them. But if one of them wrongs the other, then fight the one that wrongs until it returns to the command of Allah. And if it returns, make peace between them with justice and act justly. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly.” (2).

692 “Indeed, the believers are those who believe in Allah and His Messenger and then doubt not and strive with their wealth and their lives in the cause of Allah. Those are the truthful.” (3).

693 “And why should you not spend in the way of Allah, when to Allah belongs the inheritance of the heavens and the earth? Not equal among you are those who spent before the conquest and fought, and those who spent afterward and fought. Each of them Allah has promised the best reward, and Allah is All-Aware of what you do.” (4).

694 “Have you not seen those who practice hypocrisy, saying to their brothers who disbelieve from the People of the Scripture, ‘If you are expelled, we will surely go out with you, and we will never obey anyone against you. And if you are fought, we will surely aid you.’ And Allah testifies that they are liars.” (5).

695 “If they are expelled, they will not go out with them. And if they are fought, they will not aid them. And if they aid them, they will surely turn their backs, then they will not be aided.” (6).

1. Al-Fath / 22.
2. Al-Hujurat / 9.
3. Al-Hujurat / 15.
4. Al-Hadid / 10.
5. Al-Hashr / 11.

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696 “For the poor emigrants who were expelled from their homes and their wealth, seeking bounty from Allah and His pleasure, and aiding Allah and His Messenger, those are the truthful. And those who settled the home and the faith before them love those who emigrated to them, and they do not find in their hearts any need for what they have been given. And they prefer others over themselves, even though they themselves are in need. And whoever is protected from the stinginess of his soul—it is those who will be successful. And those who came after them say, ‘Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith, and do not place in our hearts any resentment toward those who have believed.’” (1).

697 “They do not fight you all together except within fortified cities or from behind walls. Their might among themselves is severe; you think they are all united, but their hearts are diverse. That is because they are a people who do not understand.” (2).

698 “You believe in Allah and His Messenger and strive in the way of Allah with your wealth and lives; this is better for you if you know.” (3).

1. Al-Hashr / 12.
2. Al-Hashr / 8-12.
3. Al-Hashr / 14.

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699 “O you who have believed, be supporters of Allah as when Jesus, the son of Mary, said to the disciples, ‘Who will be my helpers to [the cause of] Allah?’ The disciples said, ‘We are the helpers of Allah.’ And a party of the Children of Israel believed, and a party disbelieved. So We supported those who believed against their enemy, and they became dominant.” (1).

700 “O Prophet, fight the disbelievers and the hypocrites and be harsh with them. And their refuge is Hell, and evil is the destination.” (2).

701 “Indeed, your Lord knows that you stand for prayer nearly two-thirds of the night, or half of it, or a third of it, and a party of those with you. And Allah determines the night and the day. He knows that you will not be able to do it, and has turned to you in mercy. So recite of the Qur’an that which is easy for you. He knows that there will be among you those who are ill, and others who will be traveling through the land seeking bounty from Allah, and others who are fighting in the way of Allah. So recite of it that which is easy. And establish prayer, give Zakat, and lend to Allah a goodly loan. And whatever good you put forward for yourselves—you will find it with Allah, better and greater in reward.” (3).

1. As-Saff / 11.
2. As-Saff / 14.
3. At-Tahreem / 9.
4. Al-Muzzammil / 20.

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